Wu Man & Verona Quartet
Wu Man, pipaThe dazzling pipa virtuoso Wu Man joins the Verona String Quartet for a collaborative evening including Janáček’s String Quartet No. 1, solo works for pipa, including an original by Wu Man, and Tan Dun's dramatic Concerto for String Quartet and Pipa.
Featured Artists
Wu Man
Verona Quartet
Wu Man
pipa
Wu Man belongs to a rare group of musicians who have redefined the role of their instruments, in her case, the pipa, a pear-shaped, four-stringed Chinese lute with a rich history spanning centuries. Not only is she recognized as the foremost pipa player in the United States, but she is also celebrated as an accomplished composer, educator, and one of the most prominent instrumentalists of traditional Chinese music. She has premiered hundreds of new works for the pipa, while spearheading multimedia projects to both preserve and create awareness of China’s ancient musical traditions. Her adventurous spirit and virtuosity have led to collaborations across artistic disciplines, allowing her to reach wider audiences as she works to cross cultural and musical borders. Her efforts were recognized when she was named Musical America’s 2013 “Instrumentalist of the Year,” marking the first time this prestigious award has been bestowed on a player of a non-Western instrument, and in 2021 when she received an honorary Doctorate of Music from the New England Conservatory of Music and an Honorary University Fellowship from Hong Kong Baptist University. Ms. Wu is a recipient of the 2023 National Heritage Fellowship from the National Endowment of the Arts (NEA), one of the United States’ most prestigious honors in folk and traditional arts. In 2023 she was additionally honored with the Asia Society’s Asia Arts Game Changers Award, an annual award presented in New York City which recognizes and honors artists and arts professionals for their significant contributions to contemporary art.
In the 2024-25 season, Wu Man performs four concertos for pipa and orchestra written for her, including Lou Harrison’s Pipa Concerto with the Omaha Symphony and Santa Fe Pro Musica Orchestra, where she also plays a work she composed, Blue and Green, arranged by Colin Jacobsen, who also conducts. Ms. Wu performs Zhao Jiping’s Pipa Concerto No. 2 with the Oregon Symphony, Lei Lang’s Five Seasons with the La Jolla Symphony, and Pulitzer Prize-winning composer Du Yun’s Ears of the Book with the New Haven Symphony. She premiered Ears of the Book with The Knights at Carnegie’s Zankel Hall in 2024, followed by a performance with the Detroit Symphony Orchestra.
This season, Ms. Wu joins the Juilliard Quartet as soloist on Tan Dun’s Concerto for String Quartet and Pipa, one of five works by living composers on a program presented by the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center. She also collaborates with the Verona Quartet in Goin’ Home, a program that explores an international concept of home, on tour in San Antonio, Washington, DC, and Rochester. The Verona Quartet performs Ms. Wu’s arrangement of Glimpses of Muqam, a traditional piece from Western China, as well as works by Dvořák, John Dowland, Wynton Marsalis, and Sulkhan Tsintsadze. Ms. Wu continues to tour with kamancheh player Kayhan Kalhor and tabla player Sandeep Das as the Doos Trio, exploring the ancient traditions of Persia, China, and India in a 21st-century program.
Having been brought up in the Pudong School of pipa playing, one of the most prestigious classical styles of Imperial China, Ms. Wu is now recognized as an outstanding exponent of the traditional repertoire as well as a leading interpreter of contemporary pipa music by today’s most prominent composers such as Tan Dun, Philip Glass, the late Lou Harrison, Terry Riley, Bright Sheng, Chen Yi, and many others. She was the recipient of The Bunting Fellowship at Harvard University in 1998 and was the first Chinese traditional musician to receive The United States Artist Fellowship in 2008. She is also the first artist from China to perform at the White House. Wu Man is a visiting professor at her alma mater the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing and a distinguished professor at the Zhejiang and the Xi'an Conservatories. She has also served as artistic director of the Xi’an Silk Road Music Festival at the Xi'an Conservatory.
Ms. Wu has performed as a soloist with many of the world’s major orchestras, including the Austrian ORF Radio Symphony Orchestra, Boston Symphony Orchestra, Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Los Angeles Philharmonic, Moscow Soloists, Nashville Symphony, German NDR and RSO Radio Symphony Orchestras, New Music Group, New York Philharmonic, Seattle Symphony Orchestra, and the Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra. Her touring has taken her to the major music halls of the world including Carnegie Hall, Amsterdam’s Concertgebouw, the Great Hall in Moscow, the Kennedy Center, Lincoln Center, Opera Bastille, Royal Albert and Royal Festival Halls in London, and the Theatre de la Ville in Paris. She has performed at many international festivals including the Auckland Arts Festival, Bang on a Can Festival, BBC Proms, Festival d’Automne in Paris, Festival de Radio France et Montpellier, Hong Kong Arts Festival, La Jolla Summerfest, Lincoln Center Festival, Luminato, Mozart Festival in Vienna, NextWave! / BAM, Ravinia Festival, Silk Road Festival, Sydney Festival, Tanglewood, Wien Modern, WOMAD Festival, and the Yatsugatake Kogen Festival in Japan. She continually collaborates with some of the most distinguished musicians and conductors performing today, such as Yuri Bashmet, Dennis Russell Davies, Christoph Eschenbach, Gunther Herbig, Cho-Liang Lin, Yo-Yo Ma, David Robertson, Esa-Pekka Salonen, and David Zinman.
Among Ms. Wu’s most fruitful collaborations is with Kronos Quartet, with whom she began collaborating in the early 1990s. They premiered their first project together, Tan Dun’s Ghost Opera, at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in 1995. The work was recorded and released on Nonesuch in 1997. Wu Man and the Kronos Quartet also co-conceived the multimedia work A Chinese Home in collaboration with theater director Chen Shi-Zheng, which premiered at Carnegie’s Zankel Hall in 2009. Additional Kronos Quartet recordings featuring Wu Man for Nonesuch include Early Music, on which she plays the zhong ruan and da ruan (string instruments related to the pipa) in John Dowland’s Lachrymæ Antiquæ and the Grammy-nominated You’ve Stolen My Heart, an homage to the composer of classic Bollywood songs Rahul Dev Burman, featuring Ms. Wu alongside the Quartet, singer Asha Bhosle, and tabla player Zakir Hussain. She participated in the Quartet’s 40th Anniversary celebration concerts at Cal Performances in Berkeley, CA and at Carnegie Hall; was artist-in-residence with the Quartet in February 2016; became the second inductee into the “Kronos Hall of Fame” (joining Terry Riley); and composed her first piece for western instruments, Four Chinese Paintings, for the Quartet’s “50 for the Future” project. In November 2023, Wu Man participated on Kronos Quartet’s 50th anniversary celebration concert at Carnegie Hall, alongside artists such as Laurie Anderson, Bang on a Can All-Stars, Tanya Tagaq, and many more.
As a principal, founding musician in Yo-Yo Ma’s Silkroad project, Ms. Wu has performed throughout the U.S., Europe and Asia with the Silkroad Ensemble. She is a featured artist in the 2015 Emmy-Award-winning documentary The Music of Strangers: Yo-Yo Ma and The Silk Road Ensemble, as well as on the film’s 2017 GRAMMY Award-winning companion recording, Sing Me Home (“Best World Music Album”), which includes her original composition Green (Vincent’s Tune) performed with the vocal ensemble Roomful of Teeth. She has recorded six albums with the group: Silk Road Journeys: When Strangers Meet (2002), Silk Road Journeys: Beyond the Horizon (2005), New Impossibilities (2007), the CD/DVD A Playlist Without Borders / Live from Tanglewood (2013), and Sing Me Home (2016) on Sony Classical, as well as Off the Map (2009) on World Village. Her Silkroad Ensemble performances in recent years have included tours of the U.S. during the season and to summer festivals such as Tanglewood, Wolf Trap, Blossom, Ravinia, and Hollywood Bowl; a tour of Asia; and performances with Mark Morris Dance in Berkeley and Seattle. Last season, Ms. Wu created a newly commissioned work for Silkroad’s American Railroad initiative, the group’s most ambitious project to date that explores the history and impact of the Transcontinental Railroad and the immigrant communities who built it. She has been a leader of Silkroad’s popular Global Musicians Workshop since 2015 and recently spearheaded the program’s first-ever expansion to Huangzhou, China, in the summer of 2024.
Adamant that the pipa does not become marginalized as only appropriate for Chinese music, Ms. Wu strives to develop a place for the pipa in all art forms. Projects she has initiated have resulted in the pipa finding a place in new solo and quartet works, concertos, opera, chamber, electronic, and jazz music as well as in theater productions, film, dance, and collaborations with visual artists including calligraphers and painters. Her role has developed beyond pipa performance to encompass singing, dancing, composing, and curating new works. She has premiered works by Chinese composers including Zhao Jiping, Tan Dun, Bright Sheng, Du Yun, and Chen Yi. Other notable projects include Orion: China, co-written with Philip Glass for the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens and recorded the following year; and Blue and Green, an original composition that she premiered with The Knights.
In March 2019 Ms. Man and Yo-Yo Ma performed the American premiere of Zhao Lin’s A Happy Excursion with the New York Philharmonic. Recent projects have seen her rediscover, embrace, and showcase the musical traditions of her homeland, projects she has dubbed “Wu Man’s Return to the East.” In 2009, she was asked to curate two concerts at Carnegie Hall as part of the “Ancient Paths, Modern Voices” festival celebrating Chinese culture. Ms. Wu and the artists she brought to New York from rural China for the festival also took part in two free neighborhood concerts and a concert presented by the Orange County Performing Arts Society in Costa Mesa. In August 2012, she released a documentary DVD titled Discovering a Musical Heartland: Wu Man’s Return to China as part of her ongoing “Return to the East” project. In the film, she travels to little-explored regions of China to uncover ancient musical traditions that have rarely been documented before. Among the musicians she met on her journey were the Huayin Shadow Puppet Band, which she brought to the U.S. for the first time—touring to 11 cities around the nation. She has also toured around the world as a Master Musician in the Aga Khan Music Initiative—a group of performers, composer-arrangers, teachers, and curators who create music inspired by their cultural heritage of the Middle East, South and Central Asia, West Africa, and China.
Ms. Wu boasts a discography of over 40 albums including the GRAMMY Award-winning Sing Me Home (“Best World Music Album”) with the Silkroad Ensemble on Sony; the GRAMMY Award-nominated Our World in Song, featuring familiar folk songs from around the world arranged by her with Hawaiian instrumentalist Daniel Ho and Cuban percussionist Luis Conte; and Elegant Pipa Classics, which combines traditional pipa repertoire with modern compositions, both released by Wind Music. Traditions and Transformations: Sounds of Silk Road Chicago features her Grammy Award-nominated performance of Lou Harrison’s Pipa Concerto with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, as well as a GRAMMY-nominated recording of Tan Dun’s Pipa Concerto with Yuri Bashmet and the Moscow Soloists on Onyx Classics. In May 2012, she released her Independent Music Award-nominated CD / DVD Borderlands, which traces the history of the pipa in China. It is the final installment of the acclaimed ten-volume “Music of Central Asia'' ethnographic series produced by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture and the Smithsonian Institution Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage. In Wu Man and Friends, released on Traditional Crossroads in 2005, she blends Chinese, Ukrainian, Ugandan, and Appalachian traditional music, performing alongside musicians from these regions. Her solo recordings include Pipa: From a Distance, released on Naxos World Music in 2003, and Immeasurable Light, released on Traditional Crossroads in 2010. Fingertip Carnival, her latest release for Wind Music, explores the connections between Chinese and Mexican folk music and each culture's use of stringed instruments with the San Diego-based son jarocho group Son de San Diego. Her most recent recordings have seen her pair the pipa with traditional wind instruments: with the Japanese shakuhachi on Flow with Kojiro Umezaki released on In A Circle Records; and with the Chinese sheng on Distant Mountains with Wu Wei recorded live at the 2018 Morgenland Festival Osnabrueck and released by Dreyer Gaido.
Born in Hangzhou, China, Ms. Wu studied with Lin Shicheng, Kuang Yuzhong, Chen Zemin, and Liu Dehai at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing, where she became the first recipient of a master's degree in pipa. Accepted into the conservatory at age 13, her audition was covered by national newspapers, and she was hailed as a child prodigy, becoming a nationally recognized role model for young pipa players. She subsequently received first prize in the First National Music Performance Competition among many other awards, and she participated in many premieres of works by a new generation of Chinese composers. Her first exposure to Western classical music came in 1979 when she saw Seiji Ozawa and the Boston Symphony Orchestra performing in Beijing. In 1980 she participated in an open master class with violinist Isaac Stern, and in 1985 she made her first visit to the U.S. as a member of the China Youth Arts Troupe. She moved to the U.S. in 1990 and was awarded the Bunting Fellowship at Harvard University in 1998. She was the first Chinese traditional musician to receive the United States Artist Fellowship (2008) and the first artist from China to perform at the White House. She currently resides in California.
For more information on Wu Man, please visit wumanpipa.org or her artist page on Facebook.
Verona Quartet
Acclaimed as an “outstanding ensemble…cohesive yet full of temperament” (The New York Times), the Verona Quartet has firmly established itself amongst the most distinguished ensembles on the chamber music scene today. The group’s singular sense of purpose earned them Chamber Music America’s coveted 2020 Cleveland Quartet Award, and a reputation for its “bold interpretive strength, robust characterization and commanding resonance” (Calgary Herald).
The Quartet serves on the faculty of the Oberlin College and Conservatory as the quartet-in-residence and as artistic directors at Nova Scotia’s Lunenburg Academy of Music Performance. In addition to its position at Oberlin, the Quartet also recently held recent multi-season residencies at the ENCORE Chamber Music Institute and North Carolina’s Chamber Orchestra of the Triangle (COT). As committed advocates of diverse programming, the Verona Quartet curated the UpClose Chamber Music Series on behalf of the COT, electrifying audiences with their “sensational, powerhouse performance[s]” (Classical Voice America).
The Verona Quartet has appeared across four continents, captivating audiences at venues such as Carnegie Hall, Lincoln Center (New York City), Kennedy Center, Library of Congress, the Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D.C.), Jordan Hall (Boston), Wigmore Hall (U.K.) and Melbourne Recital Hall (Australia), and has performed at festivals including the Santa Fe International Chamber Music Festival, La Jolla Summerfest, Chamber Music Northwest, Bravo! Vail, Texas Music Festival, Caramoor, Green Mountain Chamber Music Festival, Kneisel Hall, MISQA, and with the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center.
In the 2024-25 season, the Verona Quartet will debut at numerous prestigious series institutions including the Grand Teton Music Festival, Eastman School of Music, Peabody Institute of Music, Music Mondays in NYC, Lebanon Valley College, San Antonio Chamber Music Society, Camerata Musica in Washington state, and for the University of Buffalo’s celebrated Slee Beethoven String Quartet Cycle. The Quartet also returns to The New School of Music’s Schneider Series, Clemson University’ Utsey Chamber Music Series, Town Hall Seattle, University of Hartford’s Garmany Chamber Music Series, Chamber Music Society of Central Kentucky, and the Freer Gallery of Art, among others.
Beyond their standalone performances this season, the Verona tours goes on tour with pipa virtuoso Wu Man, saxophonist Steven Banks —which includes a cutting-edge commission by composer Christopher Theofanidis—and a string octet program with the Borromeo String Quartet. Last season, the quartet gave a noteworthy its successful first tour of England and performed at series including Clarion Concerts, the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Brevard Music Center’s Parker Series, Chicago Chamber Music Society, Wooster Chamber Music Series, the Hilton Head Symphony’s BravoPiano! Festival, La Jolla Athanaeum, University of Southern California, Eureka Chamber Music Series, Honolulu Chamber Music Series, and Music Toronto.
A string quartet for the 21st century, the Verona Quartet champions the rich breadth of the string quartet repertoire from the time-honored canon through contemporary classics. Notable commissions and premieres include works by composers Julia Adolphe, Texu Kim and Sebastian Currier as well as Michael Gilbertson’s Pulitzer Prize-nominated Quartet. In 2023, the Quartet celebrated several world premieres including a work for string quartet, yangqin (Chinese dulcimer) and dancer by Cheng Jin Koh, commissioned by The Smithsonian Institution in honor of the centennial of the Freer Gallery of Art.
The Verona Quartet’s second album, SHATTER, debuted at #1 on the Billboard Traditional Classical Chart in the summer of 2023. SHATTER showcases works written for the Verona Quartet by American composers Julia Adolphe and Michael Gilbertson as well as Reena Esmail’s Ragamala, in collaboration with Hindustani vocalist Saili Oak. The Verona Quartet’s debut album, Diffusion, was praised by BBC Music Magazine for its "radiant glow" and Cleveland Classical for the “Verona’s technical precision, expressive freedom, and brilliant, dramatic phrasing”. The Quartet’s third album, composed of Ligeti’s complete string quartets, was released in December 2023 with Dynamic Records in celebration of the composer's centennial year.
In addition to promoting contemporary music, the Quartet strives for a dynamic, imaginative approach to collaboration and programming that champions cross-cultural and interdisciplinary enterprises. Recent collaborations include touring with Polish guitarist Łukasz Kuropaczewski and performances of Osvaldo Golijov’s seminal work Dreams and Prayers of Isaac the Blind with clarinetists Alex Fiterstein and Todd Palmer. In the upcoming season, the Quartet looks forward to return collaborations with Alex Fiterstein and violist Atar Arad as well as a new project with pianist Eric Lu. Past projects include a live-performance art installation with artist Ana Prvački, performances with dancers from Brooklyn’s Dance Heginbotham, artistic exchanges with traditional Emirati poets in the UAE, and a collaboration with GRAMMY-winning folk trio I’m With Her.
Continuing in the lineage of their esteemed mentors the Cleveland, Juilliard, and Pacifica quartets, the Verona Quartet’s rapid rise to international prominence was fueled by top prize wins at the Wigmore Hall, Melbourne, M-Prize and Osaka International Chamber Music Competitions, as well as the 2015 Concert Artists Guild Competition.
The ensemble’s “vibrant, intelligent” (The New York Times) performances emanate from the spirit of storytelling; the Quartet believes that this transcends genre and therefore the name “Verona” pays tribute to William Shakespeare, one of the greatest storytellers of all time.
The Verona Quartet are D’Addario Artists and The Violin Channel Artists.
Program Highlights
Wu Man, pipa
Verona Quartet
Jonathan Ong, violin
Dorothy Ro, violin
Abigail Rojansky, viola
Jonathan Dormand, cello
DVORAK/BURLEIGH Goin’ Home
ZHAO JIPING/LIN Red Lantern for Pipa and String Quartet
JANÁČEK String Quartet No. 1, The Kreutzer Sonata
WORKS FOR SOLO PIPA
TAN DUN Concerto for String Quartet and Pipa
All artists, programs, and pricing subject to change.
Program Notes
“Goin’ Home” (1893/1922)
ANTONÍN DVOŘÁK (1841-1904), arranged by William Arms Fisher (1861-1948)
Goin' Home
The second movement of Dvořák’s Symphony No. 9, From the New World (1893), includes a famous English horn melody that combines tenderness, nostalgia, and a sense of resolute hopefulness. It sounds for all the world like a folksong or spiritual, and that is what generations of listeners have taken it to be, especially once the title “Goin’ Home” became attached to it. In fact, the song “Goin’ Home” followed the symphony by three decades when, in 1922, William Arms Fisher crafted words to fit Dvořák’s tune and adapted it into a standalone piece. Fisher, who had studied with Dvořák at New York’s National Conservatory and became his teaching assistant, developed into a notable music historian, editor, and author.
Red Lantern, for Pipa and String Quartet (2015)
ZHAO JIPING (b.1945) / ZHAO LIN (b.1973)
Red Lantern for Pipa and String Quartet
Prelude: Moonlight
Wandering
Love
Death
Epilogue
The film composer Zhao Jiping wrote the music for such famous films as Raise the Red Lantern and Farewell My Concubine. He is acclaimed for his ability to write effectively for Western instruments while maintaining an inherently Chinese musical style. He has served as director of the Institute of Dance and Music Drama of Shaanxi Province (where he was born), president of the Xi’an Conservatory of Music, and honorary chairman of the Chinese Musicians Association. His son, Zhau Lin, studied composition at the Central Conservatory in Beijing, wrote music for the National Traditional Orchestra of China, and, like his father, composed a number of film scores, including for A Woman, a Gun and a Noodle Shop. He explains: “Red Lantern is derived from my father’s original music, scored for the great Zhang Yimou film Raise the Red Lantern. Inspired by Chinese traditional Beijing Opera, this work explores its unique musical style and language with the many colors of our traditional music. The quintet is a suite of stories that take place in a traditional Chinese private courtyard through the centuries. It tells an emotional story of Chinese family relationships in older times and the impact of the family’s isolation from society.”
String Quartet No. 1, Inspired by Tolstoy’s “Kreutzer Sonata” (1923)
LEOŠ JANÁČEK (1854-1928)
String Quartet No. 1, Inspired by Tolstoy’s “Kreutzer Sonata”
Adagio—Con moto
Con moto
Con moto—Vivace—Andante—Tempo I
Con moto (Adagio)—Più mosso
The first of Janáček’s two string quartets bears the subtitle Inspired by Tolstoy’s “Kreutzer Sonata,” and is understood to be a sort of musical protest against the violence to women that Tolstoy pictured in his 1889 novella of that name, where the heroine is murdered by her husband for infidelity. The tragedy of an unhappily married woman surely would have connected in Janáček’s mind with his own love for Kamila Stösslová, whom he met in the summer of 1917. He was 63, she was 25, and both were in unsatisfying marriages. There is no evidence that a physical relationship ever developed—Kamila maintained that it was strictly platonic— but from the composer’s standpoint it was a love affair, if one sustained by hope and fantasy, and many works of his final decade were overtly connected to this relationship. The freely structured music of this quartet seems so precise in its expressive content that a listener may suppose that Janáček was illustrating some written program, although if one existed, it has not survived. In Tolstoy’s novella, the heroine has an affair with a violinist, with whom she plays Beethoven’s Kreutzer Sonata; and Janáček works a musical allusion to that piece into the third movement of this quartet
INTERMISSION
Flute and Drum Music at Sunset (1875/95)
TRADITIONAL, arranged by Wu Man
Flute and Drum Music at Sunset
The sound of Bells and Drums from a Distant Temple Along the River
Moon on the Eastern Mountain
Breeze over the Quiet Water
Shadows of Flowers
Clouds and Water Far Away Become as One
Fisherman’s Song in the Evening
Waves Lapping at the Shore
The Returning Boat
Leaves Flying in Autumn (2000)
WU MAN (b.1963)
Leaves Flying in Autumn
The pipa is a four-stringed, fretted, plucked instrument—a Chinese lute— with a pear-shaped body. Early forms of the pipa apparently date to the Han Dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE). The instrument may have been introduced to China from India or Central Asia. It gained immense popularity during the Tang Dynasty (618–906 CE), benefited from an expanding repertoire in the centuries since, and remains one of the most widely played Chinese instruments. Flute and Drum Music at Sunset first appeared in a manuscript in 1875, and an expanded version—in eight sections, each with a title— appeared in Li Fangyuan’s pipa collection of 1895, a central document of the Pinghu School of pipa-playing in the lyrical or “civil” (wen) style. The instrument’s repertoire continues to grow in new directions. Wu Man’s composition Leaves Flying in Autumn, for example, melds the classical “martial style” (wu) of pipa-playing with inspiration from rock-and-roll.
Concerto for String Quartet and Pipa (1999)
TAN DUN (b.1957)
Concerto for String Quartet and Pipa
Andante molto
Allegro
Adagio
Allegro vivace
When China’s Cultural Revolution thawed and the nation’s educational system was restored, Tan Dun enrolled at the Central Conservatory in Beijing and by the 1980s was experimenting with combinations of Chinese and Western instruments. He moved to the United States to enter Columbia University in 1986 (he earned his doctorate there in 2003) and soon began collecting honors that acknowledged his stature among contemporary composers. In 1998, he was given the Grawemeyer Award; in 2000 he won an Oscar for his score for Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon; in 2003 he was named Musical America’s Composer of the Year; and in 2006 the Metropolitan Opera premiered his opera The First Emperor.
His Concerto for String Quartet and Pipa is a condensed version of a 1994 theatre-piece he described as “a reflection on human spirituality” derived from Chinese shamanistic traditions, “a cross-temporal, crosscultural, and cross-media dialogue that touches on the past, present, future, and the eternal; employs elements from Chinese, Tibetan, English, and American cultures; and combines performance traditions of the European classical concert, Chinese shadow puppet theater, visual art installations, folk music, dramatic theater, and shamanistic ritual.”