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Alsop conducts Shostakovich

The Philadelphia Orchestra Wu Man, pipa
Orchestral Series
Monday, July 7, 2025 at 6pm Gerald R. Ford Amphitheater
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A stunning evening awaits as pipa virtuoso Wu Man joins The Philadelphia Orchestra for Zhao Jiping’s cinematic Pipa Concerto No. 2. Conductor Marin Alsop also leads Beethoven’s triumphant Leonore Overture and Shostakovich’s defiant Fifth Symphony.

Featured Artists

Marin Alsop

conductor

Wu Man

pipa

Program Highlights

Marin Alsop, conductor
Wu Man, pipa

BEETHOVEN Leonore Overture No. 3
ZHAO JIPING Pipa Concerto No. 2
SHOSTAKOVICH Symphony No. 5

Pre-Concert Talk Speaker: Petra Meyer-Frazier (University of Denver)
5:10 PM | Gerald R. Ford Amphitheater Lobby

All artists, programs, and pricing subject to change.

Program Notes

Leonore Overture No. 3, Op. 72b (1806)

(13 minutes)

LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN (1770-1827)

Leonore Overture No. 3, Op. 72b

Despite numerous false starts on various stage works, the only opera Beethoven managed to sink his talons into and carry through to completion—and another completion, and yet another after that—was the work he unveiled in 1805 under the title Leonore and transformed by fits and starts into what is known today as Fidelio. The plot involves a husband (Florestan) incarcerated as a political prisoner and his wife (Leonore), who disguises herself as a boy, gets a job as a prison assistant (calling herself Fidelio), and manages to spring him free and bring down the evil prison warden. Beethoven wrote four different overtures for the piece as it evolved, with the Leonore Overture No. 3 introducing its 1806 incarnation. It is a sturdy work of about 13 minutes’ duration divided into three general sections. The ominous Adagio introduction ranges through a series of distant tonalities. Composer Luigi Cherubini complained that he could never tell what key this opening was really in—which, of course, was precisely the point, as it was intended to suggest Florestan’s confusion in his dark cell. A foretaste of the plot continues in the spirited Allegro section; its heroic theme and its tense development lead to offstage trumpet fanfares—harbingers of the arriving prison inspector. After a review of various themes, Beethoven lets loose a triumphant Presto. Of the four overtures Beethoven wrote for his only completed opera, this was perhaps the least suited to its job, since it tends to overwhelm whatever immediately follows it. But from a strictly musical standpoint it is the most compelling, and it encapsulates the quintessential Beethoven trait of groping through confusion before breaking into victory.

Pipa Concerto No. 2 (2013)

(20 minutes)

ZHAO JIPING (b.1945)

Pipa Concerto No. 2

Born into an artistic family— his father was a painter— Zhao Jiping graduated in 1970 from the Xi’an Conservatory of Music in the northwestern Chinese province of Shaanxi, where he was born. After the Cultural Revolution, he entered the Central Conservatory in Beijing, where he carried out his graduate studies in composition. He gained international notice as a composer of film scores, beginning with Yellow Earth (in 1984), and continuing through dozens of productions, including Red Sorghum (1988), Raise the Red Lantern (1991), Farewell My Concubine (1993), and To Live (1994). Some of his scores earned accolades from the Cannes and Berlin Film Festivals. He was the subject of the 1997 documentary film Music for the Movies: Zhao Jiping, and in 2017 he was named Leading Light of China for his contributions to disseminating Chinese culture.

He has served as director of the Institute of Dance and Music Drama of Shaanxi Province, president of the Xi’an Conservatory of Music (his alma mater), and honorary chairman of the Chinese Musicians Association. He has written for ensembles of Chinese instruments, but many of his scores combine Chinese and Western instruments to stunning effect. His catalogue includes two symphonies, several symphonic poems and symphonic suites, and a number of concertos—for guan (a Chinese double reed instrument), erhu (a twostringed bowed instrument), and violin, in addition to pipa (a plucked, pearshaped lute). His single-movement Pipa Concerto No. 2, written for Wu Man, marks an important addition to the instrument’s concerto repertoire, which goes back to the “Little Sisters of the Grassland” Concerto (1973, composed communally by Wu Zu Qiang, Wang Yan Qiao, and Liu De Hai) and now includes works by many composers from China and elsewhere in the world.

INTERMISSION

Symphony No. 5 in D minor, Op. 47 (1937)

(46 minutes)

DMITRI SHOSTAKOVICH (1906-75)

Symphony No. 5 in D minor, Op. 47
     Moderato
     Allegretto
     Largo
     Allegro non troppo

When Shostakovich composed his Symphony No. 5, he was rebounding from official censure by the Soviet authorities. We may take at face value, or not, the comments he provided in an article just before its premiere: “The birth of the Fifth Symphony was preceded by a prolonged period of internal preparation. Perhaps because of this, the actual writing of the symphony took a comparatively short time (the third movement, for example, was written in three days) …. The theme of my symphony is the development of the individual. I saw man with all his sufferings as the central idea of the work, which is lyrical in mood from start to finish; the finale resolves the tragedy and tension of the earlier movements on a joyous, optimistic note.”

The officially sanctioned review of the premiere, in the publication Izvestia, found in it the stuff of a Socialist-Realist program. It identified the opening movement as a depiction of toiling miners and massive factory machinery subjugating nature, the scherzo as a picture of the athleticism of happy Soviet citizens, and so on. Probably Shostakovich had nothing so specific in mind. On the other hand, he didn’t raise his voice in protest, since his making a livelihood as a composer depended to a large degree on the official acceptance of this symphony.

The Fifth has proved the most popular of Shostakovich’s 15 symphonies. It provides an excellent introduction to his sound-world, which in this case is rich in satire and grotesqueries yet taut in its classical formality (or even “neo-classical” formality, in the second movement). The music is propelled with a driving sense of momentum throughout, nowhere more than in the energetic finale, whose pounding impact rarely fails to bring down the house.

Presto Club - 2025 Activity Booklet